Depending on methods used, recent estimates suggest that as much as 20 to 34% of the population of Bangladesh live in extreme poverty. This is a significant number of people requiring immediate and special attention, if Bangladesh is to fulfill its commitment towards attaining the Millennium Development Goals (MDG) which underpins its Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP). Focusing policy attention towards the extreme poor is important, because existing opportunities may not work very well for them. This can be due to mismatches of structure of opportunities available and the complex structure of constraints faced by the extreme poor. It is, thus, of great urgency that we focus our attention to obtain a better picture of the profile of the extreme poor to arrive at an analytical understanding of the structure of constraints they face. Such an understanding could help us develop appropriate interventions for the extreme poor.